Showing posts with label Gospel Preaching. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Gospel Preaching. Show all posts

Monday, 24 February 2020

Reformed and Evangelistic



If you think that “Reformed and Reaching the Lost” is a contradiction of terms, then read on and be prepared for a radical rethink. This is not so and, furthermore, it never was so. Of course, there have been a few from within the Reformed camp whose views on the Sovereignty of God have been so unbalanced as to make them enemies of Evangelism and Soul Winning. But they are indeed few and what is more – their stance is repudiated by those of strong Calvinistic faith. This supposed contradiction is mere propaganda  by those who speak either from ignorance or from malice (knaves or fools) but not from the platform of truth. As I say, read on:

REFORMED AND REACHING THE LOST VIEWED SCRIPTURALLY:

Here is the ultimate test. To the law and to the testimony: if they speak not according to this word, it is because there is no light in them.” (Isaiah 8:20)

1)       YES, CALVINISTS BELIEVE THAT GOD IS SOVEREIGN IN ALL HIS WAYS:

Like Job, they believe that the LORD  “is in one mind, and who can turn him? and what his soul desireth, even that he doeth.” He is bounded only by His own attributes e.g. wisdom, holiness etc., and cannot deny Himself by doing anything contrary to these. But He is answerable to none and can decline to give reasons without incurring any suspicion.

Calvinists believe that God has decreed whatever comes to pass – either by direct command or by permission (usually defined by is morally acceptable to His revealed will) – and that this decree ranges from something simple like the falling of a sparrow to the incredibly important matter of the salvation of an individual, guilty, human soul.

Since the salvation of the elect has been decreed by God, according to the eternal purpose which he purposed in Christ Jesus our Lord” then they will be infallibly saved. Although there might be many adversaries hoping to overthrow what God has mercifully decreed, yet a great and effectual door has been opened. When all is said and done, every last soul chosen in Christ will be infallibly gathered in, even in the teeth of the hottest Satanic opposition.

2)       CALVINISTS ALSO BELIEVE THAT GOD HAS ORDAINED THE MEANS AS WELL AS THE END:

In other words, the “Why evangelise when the elect will be saved anyway?” line is not only redundant, but should be dead and buried forever in a Sadducee’s grave. The full story is that God has ordained the infallible ingathering of the elect through the appointed means of evangelism. Nowhere in the Bible are we commanded to sit back and wait for the elect to knock our church doors asking “What must I do to be saved?” How would they know that they needed a Saviour in the first place and where to find Him? On the contrary, the Bible does command us, in the great commission, to preach the gospel to every creature in a world wide setting. The very language of Scripture shows that this is not be viewed as a mere cold and formal stating of facts (see next paragraph for a further development of this) but that we are to employ the tactics of the fisherman seeking to lure fishes into his net and to be as wise as serpents, although as harmless as doves. Sometimes the going gets especially tough, but we are to “endure all things specifically for the elect’s sake.” In the Book of Acts, we witness the deaths of the first Christian martyrs because they sought to reach the lost for Jesus Christ in line with their belief that God ordains both the means (evangelism) and the end (ingathering of the elect.)

3)       CALVINISTS ALSO BELIEVE IN THE SINNER’S RESPONSIBILITY:

Not only is the Christian Evangelist expected to “go and do” but he goes to sinners who, although said to be “dead in trespasses and in sins,” nevertheless are not mere puppets or blocks of wood. The wily sinner, it seems, has enough in him to seek a doctrinal loophole to excuse his own inaction because of his love of sin. In this subterfuge, he is often sadly encouraged by those critics of Calvinism who misstate our position as stated above.

The term “Freewill” needs to be defined before we can either dismiss or affirm it. If it is taken to mean that the sinner has the innate power to receive Christ as his Saviour, then we must deny it, arguing that the will of man is bound by sin as much as any other part of his being. Jesus answered them, “Whosoever committeth sin is the servant [bond slave] of sin.” On the other hand, we affirm that the sinner’s will is free to follow the dictates of his sinful heart and invariably does so, unless Divine grace intervenes. Believing therefore that the sinner is not a block of wood , without emotions or the God given ability to reason, we engage him accordingly. God Himself  says to the sinner: “Come now, let us reason together…”and so do we. We plead with sinners and exhort them – faithfully warning them of the consequences of their chosen sins and warmly inviting them to embrace the offered Saviour, assuring them of a guaranteed reception if they come in repentance and faith.

If anyone can show me from Scripture where in so believing and consequently so doing these things that I err, then please do me the great favour of letting me know exactly where so that I can adjust my creed and practices accordingly.

NEXT: REFORMED AND REACHING THE LOST VIEWED HISTORICALLY:


REFORMED AND REACHING THE LOST (PART TWO)


Even if you cannot bring yourself to embrace the Calvinistic doctrines of predestination and so on, I trust that my previous article has dispelled any notions you might have entertained that it is inconsistent for Calvinists to evangelise. To briefly recap, Calvinists just don’t believe that the sovereignty of God ordains the end i.e. the ingathering of the elect, but they also believe that God also ordains  the means to that end i.e. evangelising all men whom we treat as rational souls to be taught, invited, pleaded with and warned appropriately. Thus far the words. Let’s now look at the reality. Does history bear these arguments out?


2) REFORMED AND REACHING THE LOST VIEWED HISTORICALLY:


Authentic Calvinism stands the test where the rubber hits the road. My problem at this point is wondering just who to leave out in a long and glorious and ongoing list of Calvinistic evangelists and missionaries. It may (to some) beg the question and certainly be open to the charge of being anachronistic to say that the Apostles were Calvinists.  However, many in the Christian Church believe that they effectively were and that the man who wrote of the reality of reprobation in Romans 9 was probably the greatest missionary ever. If the definition of a missionary is one who leaves his homeland to preach the gospel is another country, then John Calvin himself was a missionary. His life was one of innovative and faithful missionary work, first in his native France where, among many other things, he engaged in door to door evangelism, children’s work, church preaching (both in person and by proxy where he gave sympathetic priests material for their sermons) etc., He considered “the salvation of souls, which is more precious than the whole world"  arguing “If we see then a poor soul going thus to perdition, ought we not to be moved with compassion and kindness, and should we not desire God to apply the remedy?” He certainly believed in the free offer of the gospel, observing that "God invites all indiscriminately to salvation through the Gospel, but the ingratitude of the world is the reason why this grace, which is equally offered to all, is enjoyed by few." These are not isolated quotes but are found permeated through his voluminous and still being reprinted writings.


 Calvin’s immediate successors, the Puritans, were strong believers in evangelism. For example, Joseph Alleine and Richard Baxter gave us their penetrating self explanatory books “Alarm to the Unconverted” and “A Call to the Unconverted” respectively - again, both still being reprinted by Calvinist publishers. Moving into the next century, Calvinism gave us illustrious names like George Whitefield (friend of the Arminian John Wesley) and Jonathan Edwards whose powerful sermons are associated, not merely with evangelism but great Revivals and Awakenings.


The man called “The Father of Modern Missions” was William Carey. Every anti Calvinist knows that his proposal to reach the lost was opposed by a professed Calvinist who told him that God would convert the heathen without anyone’s help. What the anti Calvinist propaganda machine never gets round to telling you is that Carey himself was a Five Point Calvinst and that the book that led to his interest was written by another Jonathan Edwards above or that Carey’s ministerial friends (Calvinists) raised funds for his endeavour. Carey sailed to India with Calvinist companions including the famed Andrew Fuller. While there, they received a letter of support from the Missionary Society of Princeton College which was a hotbed of Calvinist orthodoxy.


A century later on again, and we arrive at names like CH Spurgeon whose very fruitful ministry (preaching weekly to congregations of 6,000 plus without the attraction of modern day circus methods) is legendary. We come also to men like Robert Murray McCheyne and Bonar and Haldene Brothers whose evangelistic efforts in Scotland are breathtaking. It is with a massive feeling of restraint, indeed guilt, that I refrain from mentioning many other names from this era.


Today, Calvinists are very busy on the Mission Field evangelising. Those Calvinistic denominations, who still remain faithful to the Bible (as opposed to embracing modernism) all have missionary societies with active missionaries on the field. Other Calvinists are involved in non denominational causes like New Tribes Mission etc., working along side non Calvinistic Christians to reach the lost. Calvinistic Publishing Houses like the Banner of Truth sell recently written evangelistic booklets as well as republishing old Puritan tomes. If you hand out “Ultimate Questions” to interested enquirers, please remember that it’s author John Blanchard is a professing Calvinist.


3) REFORMED AND REACHING THE LOST VIEWED PRACTICALLY:


I see some dangers specifically here for Reformed Christians which ought to be addressed. The first is that we become too busy reading about the great Christian worthies and the Calvinistic controversies to actually go out and evangelise ourselves. If you pride ourselves that you have seen things which non Calvinist Christians have failed to see and that you stand in the finest line of the Christian Church etc., yet don’t forget to find yourself a niche in some evangelist effort and (to quote Calvin again) "|Even though we have tumult and toil, let us do as we are commanded and work to win the whole world to God and bring it in obedience unto him.” Another danger is to feel overwhelmed when we read of great Christian missionaries. We might be tempted to feel that we could never do the work they did. This is to elevate the clay rather than the Great Potter. Many of the great missionaries were just ordinary folk whom God used. Mary Slessor (another Calvinist) who was a drunkard’s daughter from Dundee in Scotland comes to mind.


In closing, is my reader a non Calvinistic Christian? Then rejoice with me in all that God has been pleased to do through Calvinistic Christians, just as I rejoice in the ministries of men like John Wesley and others.

* CALVINIST INDEX
* PROTESTANT INDEX
* CH SPURGEON INDEX
* EVANGELISM INDEX
* HERE AND THERE INDEX
* YOUTUBE VIDEO INDEX
* 1 MINUTE AUDIOBOO INDEX


Friday, 6 March 2015

CH Spurgeon and Armininans

Click Photograph to Enlarge 
(Coughing and spluttering a bit as I type this, with what is hopefully a short term bug, but I hope this article will be helpful to us all on a spiritual plain as I want it will be to me on a therapeutic level. Nothing like building a case on some doctrinal point to lure the mind away from feeling sorry for itself.)  

A couple of days ago, I had a good old discussion with my non Calvinist friend Chris Casillas over Spurgeon's view of Calvinism. You can follow the ins and outs of individual tweets, probably starting about here. A few others have chipped in their tuppence worth along the way too, but I am, of course, only responsible for my own contributions.  

CH Spurgeon started off, continued and concluded his remarkable ministry as a Five Point Calvinist.  He certainly did not harp on and on about it in every last sermon, but read for yourself what he said over the course of 66 huge volumes

In this sermon, which Chris helpfully draws attention to, CHS made it clear that Calvinism is the gospel and that you cannot preach Christ crucified unless you preach the particular redemption of the elect. This would suggest that Spurgeon then did not believe that Arminians and their various off shoots did not preach the gospel of Christ. The obvious question to ask is that if they did not preach the gospel of Christ, then what gospel did they preach? Any gospel other than that of Christ is, of course, another gospel and comes under the anathema of Galatians 1:8-9, so the stakes are high. 

I tried to draw Chris out as to the logical outcome of Spurgeon's words (as they stand in this one solitary quote) from his point of view. Every argument has a reverse. If Spurgeon believed that only Calvinism and was the gospel and any deviation from it was another gospel, then non Calvinists would have to say that either than Spurgeon was right and they were preaching another gospel or that Spurgeon himself was guilty of the crime. Chris didn't bite. I have a page elsewhere on this blog about the relationship of many anti Calvinists to Spurgeon. I note that Chris does not believe that a man's adherence to Calvinism puts him outside the fold of preaching the gospel, although the words "Apparently he did" re: Spurgeon are very soft indeed. We have 66 volumes out there in the public domain to leave the matter without doubt.  

There is a danger in taking one quote, conclusive though it may be in itself, as the test of where a man stood overall. I analyse Spurgeon's position as being that overall he believed that the doctrines of Calvinism gave a fuller expression to the gospel than the watered down alternative views. See, for example, what Spurgeon wrote on the doctrine of Particular Redemption. 
Once again, if it were Christ’s intention to save all men, how deplorably has he been disappointed! for we have his own evidence that there is a lake that burneth with fire and brimstone, and into that pit must be cast some of the very persons, who according to that theory, were bought with his blood. That seems to me a thousand times more frightful than any of those horrors, which are said to be associated with the Calvinistic and Christian doctrine of particular redemption. (Sermon 204 New Park Street Pulpit 4:553) 
Although Spurgeon hammered without mercy into Armininianism, yet he did not despise Arminians nor unchurch them. He invited the Methodists to the opening of the Tabernacle and preached for them as well. Spurgeon was not always consistent, even in the same sermon. For example, in his "Defence of Calvinism" (from where Chris gets his quote above) Spurgeon wrote:
There is no soul living who holds more firmly to the doctrines of grace than I do, and if any man asks me whether I am ashamed to be called a Calvinist, I answer—I wish to be called nothing but a Christian; but if you ask me, do I hold the doctrinal views which were held by John Calvin, I reply, I do in the main hold them, and rejoice to avow it. But far be it from me even to imagine that Zion contains none but Calvinistic Christians within her walls, or that there are none saved who do not hold our views. 
He then goes on to nominate John Wesley for the hypothetical post of apostle. He said of Wesley: 

Most atrocious things have been spoken about the character and spiritual condition of John Wesley, the modern prince of Arminians. I can only say concerning him that, while I detest many of the doctrines which he preached, yet for the man himself I have a reverence second to no Wesleyan; and if there were wanted two apostles to be added to the number of the twelve, I do not believe that there could be found two men more fit to be so added than George Whitefield and John Wesley. The character of John Wesley stands beyond all imputation for self-sacrifice, zeal, holiness, and communion with God; he lived far above the ordinary level of common Christians, and was one "of whom the world was not worthy." I believe there are multitudes of men who cannot see these truths, or, at least, cannot see them in the way in which we put them, who nevertheless have received Christ as their Saviour, and are as dear to the heart of the God of grace as the soundest Calvinist in or out of Heaven.

Pick through that! Yet in the very same message, earlier on, he branded Arminianism as a heresy! I quote:
And what is the heresy of Arminianism but the addition of something to the work of the Redeemer?
This is desperately inconsistent, is it not? What more can we say? If you take the line (Chris evidently doesn't) that Calvinism is another gospel, then you need to invoke Galatians 1:8-9 and damn Spurgeon and a whole host of folk, living and dead, to the deepest hell. 

I would say that when it came to the doctrines of Calvinism, Spurgeon believed them with all his heart. Reread the consistent life long pulpit ministrations of this remarkable man. As far as I can see, he never wavered once on these 5 points. I would also say that when it came to the odd remark about Arminians, sometimes his bark was worse than his bite. It would be interesting - although I wouldn't have the time to do it - to go through his sermons and see what he said about Arminians. My guess is that he said more positive things about them - that they would be in Heaven as much as any Calvinist etc., - than he said against them. 

My personal view is that while I would not tolerate Armininism in the creed of my church, it would not stand between me and fellowship with another Christian. I personally have preached in professing Arminian churches. One of our local ones here is having a gospel mission on at present. May God give them hundred of souls as he gave to the gospel preaching of Wesley and others. 

Just a few thoughts.  



Wednesday, 16 April 2014

Calvin's Evangelism

  JOHN CALVIN THE SOULWINNER


"John Calvin…is looked upon now, of course, a theologian only, but he was really one of the greatest of gospel preachers. When Calvin opened the Book and took a text, you might be sure that he was about to preach "Through grace are ye saved, and that not of yourselves, it is the gift of God." CH Spurgeon (14:216)


The following are quotes from J.H. Merle D’Aubigne's "History Of The Reformation In The Time Of Calvin" I am reproducing those parts which distinctly speak of his evangelistic efforts as opposed to those which speak of him engaging in controversy or theology, although I recognise that in reality there would have been an overlap. 


CALVIN ALLOWED HIS COVETED STUDY TIME TO BE INTERRUPTED IN ORDER TO TEACH PEOPLE THE WAY OF SALVATION:

His admirers returned to him. Several citizens of Orleans opened their houses to him, saying: ‘Come and teach openly the salvation of man.’ Calvin shrank back. ‘Let no one disturb my repose,’ he said; ‘leave me in peace.’ His repose, that is to say his studies, were his only thought. But these souls, thirsting for truth, did not yield so easily. ‘A repose of darkness!’ replied the most ardent; ‘an ignoble peace; Come and preach!’ Calvin remembered the saying of St. Chrysostom: ‘Though a thousand persons should call you, think of your own weakness, and obey only under constraint.’ ‘Well, then, we constrain you,’ answered his friends. ‘O God! what desirest thou of me?’ Calvin would exclaim at such moments. ‘Why dost thou pursue me? Why dost thou turn and disturb me, and never leave me at rest? Why, despite my disposition, dost thou lead me to the light and bring me into play?’ Calvin gave way, however, and understood that it was his duty to publish the Gospel. He went to the houses of his friends. A few men, women, and young people gathered round him, and he began to explain the Scriptures. It was quite a new order of teaching: there were none of those distinctions and deductions of scholastic science, at that time so familiar to the preachers. The language of the young man possessed all admirable simplicity, a piercing vitality, and a holy majesty which captivated the heart. ‘He teaches the truth,’ said his hearers as they withdrew, ‘not in affected language, but with such depth, solidity, and weight, that every one who hears him is struck with admiration.’ These are the words of a contemporary of Calvin, who lived on the spot, and in the very circle in which the Reformer then moved. ‘While at Orleans,’ adds this friend, Theodore Beza, ‘Calvin, chosen from that time to be an instrument of election in the Lord’s work, wonderfully advanced the kingdom of God in many families.’

It was at Orleans, therefore, that Calvin began his evangelist work and manifested himself to the world as a Christian. Calvin’s activity in this city is a proof that he was then converted to the Gospel, and that he had been so for some time; for his was Not one of those expansive natures which immediately display externally what is within them. This first ministry of the reformer negatives the hypotheses which place Calvin’s conversion at Orleans, or at Bourges, somewhat later, or, even later still, during his second residence at Paris.
  Thus the young doctor, growing in knowledge and acting in love, refuted the objections of the gainsayers, and led to Christ the humble souls who thirsted for salvation. (Vol 2: p35-37)

CALVIN BEGAN TO SPEND MORE TIME AND EFFORT IN PERSONAL SOULWINNING:

Nor was this the only call he received at Bourges. Wolmar had spoken of him, and several famines invited him to their houses to edify them. This took the young man by surprise, as it had done at Orleans; he remained silent, lost in the multitude of his thoughts. ‘I am quite amazed,’ he said, ‘at seeing those who have a desire for pure doctrine gather round me to learn, although I have only just began to learn myself!’ He resolved, however, to continue at Bourges the evangelical work which he had timidly commenced on the banks of the Loire; and he brought more time and more decision to the task.

Calvin accordingly entered into relations with students and townspeople, nobles and lawyers, priests and professors. The family of the Colladons held at that time a considerable station in Berry. Two brothers, Leo and Germain, and two sisters, Mary and Anne, were the first to embrace the Gospel in Berry. Leo and Germain were advocates, and one of their cousins, styled Germain II. in the genealogies, now eighteen years old, afterwards became Calvin’s intimate friend at Geneva. These ties of friendship had probably begun at Bourges. (Vol 2: p43)

CALVIN HAD AN EFFECTIVE STRATEGY IN HIS WIDENING SPHERE OF EVANGELISM:

The evangelist soon extended his Christian activity beyond the walls of the city. Many natives of Berry, who had heard him at Bourges, had been charmed with his addresses. ‘Come and preach’ these beautiful words to us,’ they said. Calvin gradually laid aside his natural timidity, and being cheerful and fond of walking, he visited the castles and villages. He introduced himself affectionately into all the houses at which he stopped. ‘A graceful salutation,’ he said in after years, ‘serves as an introduction to converse with people.' He delivered several sermons in these hamlets and country-seats. (Vol 2: p43-44)

CALVIN'S STYLE OF EVANGELISM WAS EVERY THING THAT IT SHOULD BE:

On the banks of the Arnon, ten leagues from Bourges, there stands a little town ‘named Lignieres, at that time the seat of a considerable lordship. Every year certain monks came to preach in the parish church, and were bountifully received at the chateau, where they complained of their wretchedness in the most pitiable tone. This offended the lord of Lignieres, who was not of a superstitious character. ‘If I am not mistaken,’ he said, ‘it is with a view to their own gain that these monks pretend to be such drudges.’ Disgusted with their hypocrisy, M. de Lignieres begged Calvin to come and preach in their stead. The law-student spoke to an immense crowd with such clearness, freedom, depth and vitality, that every one was moved. ‘Upon my word,’ said the lord to his wife, ‘Master John Calvin seems to me to preach better than the monks, and he goes heartily to work too.’ (Vol 2: p44)

CALVIN'S EVANGELISTIC ZEAL REACHED EVEN TO THE CHILDREN:

In this way Calvin labored in the town, in the villages, and in the chateaux, conversing tenderly with the children, preaching to adults, and training heroes and martyrs. (Vol 2: p44)

CALVIN'S EVANGELISTIC ZEAL IN HIS HOMETOWN PAID DIVIDENDS:

The same persons who presided over these several changes encouraged Calvin to preach. When a young man who has gone through his studies for the ministry, of the Word returns to his native place, every one is anxious to hear him. Curiosity was still more keenly aroused in Calvin’s case, for his reputation had preceded him, and some little charge of heresy, put forward from time to time, served but to increase the general eagerness. The effects of Calvin’s preaching were various. Many persons rejoiced to hear, at last, a living word beneath that roof which had reechoed with so much vain and useless babbling. Of this number were, no doubt, certain notable men who were seen pressing round the preacher … All were afterwards accused of having embraced the new doctrine, and were condemned by the Parliament of Paris to be drawn on hurdles and burnt in the great square of Noyon; but they had already quitted the kingdom. The words of the young speaker did not merely communicate fresh knowledge they worked a transformation of the heart and life. (Vol 2: p62-63)

BUSY HERE AND THERE, CALVIN WAS FAITHFUL IF NOT ALWAYS SUCCESSFUL

He soon returned to Paris, which opened a wider field of labor to him. On the 15th of January, 1530, he wrote Daniel a letter which he dated from the Acropolis, as if Paris were to him the citadel of Catholicism or the Parthenon of France. He was always trying to save some lost sheep, and such a desire filled his mind on the 15th of January. On that day he expected two friends to dinner. One of them, Robert Daniel, brother to the advocate of Orleans, an enthusiastic ‘young man, was burning with desire to see the world. Calvin, who had already done all in his power to win him over, flattered himself that he would succeed that day; But the giddy young fellow, suspecting perhaps what awaited him, did not come. Calvin sent a messenger to Robert’s lodging. ‘He has decamped,’ said the landlord; ‘he has left for Italy.’ At Meaux Calvin had desired to win over a great personage; at Palls he had hoped to win over a young adventurer’ in both cases he failed. ‘Alas!’ he said, ‘I am but a dry and useless log!’ And once more he sought fresh strength in Christ. (Vol 2: p70)

CALVIN EVANGELISED IN THE MOST HUMBLE OF PLACES:

But the hour had not yet come when Calvin was to proclaim these great truths with the authority of a reformer. A modest and devout man, he was now performing a more humble work in the remotest streets and loneliest houses of the capital. One would have taken him for the most insignificant of men, and yet he was already a conqueror. The light of Scripture, with which his mind was saturated, was one day to shine like the lightning from east to west; and no man since St. Paul was to hold the Gospel torch so high and with so firm a hand. When that student, so thin, pale, and obscure, in appearance so mean, in manner so timid, passed down the street of St. Jacques or of the Sorbonne; when he crept silently past the houses, and slipped unobserved into one of them, bearing with him the Word of life, there was not even an old woman that noticed him.

CALVIN WAS ALWAYS BUSY. THE GOSPEL MADE PROGRESS DAILY:

Mere preaching did not satisfy Calvin: he entered into communication with all who desired a purer religion, made them frequent visits, and conversed seriously with them. He avoided no one, and cultivated the friendship of those whom he had formerly known. He advanced step by step, but he was always busy, and the doctrine of the Gospel made some progress every day. All persons rendered the strongest testimony to his piety. The friends of the Word of God gathered round him, and among them were many burgesses and common people, but there were nobles and college professors also. (Vol 2: p137)

Calvin had not quitted Paris. He was at one moment on the boulevards with the merchant De la Forge, at another in the university quarter with Cop; in the dwellings of the poor, and the mansions of the nobles, ‘increasing greatly the work of the Lord,’ says Beza, ‘not only by teaching truth, but also by opposing the heretics.' (Vol 2: p189)

CALVIN AIMED HIGH IN HIS EVANGELISM AS WELL AS LOW:

These Christians were full of hope, and even Calvin entertained the bold idea of winning the king, the university, and indeed France herself, over to the Gospel. (Vol 2: p137)

CALVIN PENNED THE GOSPEL SERMON WHICH ANOTHER PREACHED AT THE UNIVERSITY TO THE MONKS ETC.,

During the month of October Cop was much occupied with a task that had fallen to him. It was the custom of the university for the rector to deliver an inaugural address in Latin on All Saints’ Day in one of the churches of Paris. Calvin thought that it was his duty to take advantage of this opportunity to proclaim the Gospel boldly in the face of France. The rector replied that he was a physician, and that it was difficult for him to speak like a divine: ‘If, however, you will write the address,’ he said, ‘I will promise to deliver it.’ … They agreed to explain the essence or the Gospel before the university, giving it the academic name of Christian Philosophy …. Nobody suspected that it Calvin who was about to set the university, and indeed all France, in commotion. The hour having come, all the dignitaries, professors, and students fixed their eager eyes upon Cop as he rose to speak. He pronounced the opening address ‘in a very different fashion,’ says Theodore Beza, ‘from what was usual.’ There was a simplicity and life in his delivery which contrasted strongly with the dryness and exaggeration of the old doctors. The discourse is of importance in the history of the Reformation…
 
University professors, priests, monks, and students — all listened with astonishment to such unusual language. Here and there in the congregation signs of approbation might be observed, but far more numerous signs of anger. Two Franciscans, in particular, were so excited that they could scarcely keep their seats; and when the assembly broke up they were heard expressing their indignation in loud terms: ‘Grace… God’s pardon… the Holy Ghost… there is abundance of all that in the rector’s discourse; but of penance, indulgences, and meritorious works… not a word!’ It was pointed out to them that the rector, according to custom, had ended his exordium with the salutation which the angel had addressed to Mary; but that, in the opinion of the monks, was a mere form. The words being in Scripture, how could the rector refuse to pronounce them? Had he not besides begun by saying that Christ is the only true intercessor, verus et unus opud Patrem intercessor?… What is left then to Mary, except that she is the mother of the Savior? The Sorbonne was filled with anger and alarm... To select the day of the festival of All Saints, in order to proclaim that there is only one intercessor! (Vol 2: p189-192)

OF THE CHIEF WOMEN…NOT A FEW (ACTS 17:4)

Calvin, as it will be remembered, had studied and evangelised at Orleans, and his teaching had left deep traces, particularly among the students and with certain ladies of quality. The wife of the city provost seems to have been one of the souls converted by the ministry of the young reformer. The narrative he has devoted to her, the full details into which he enters, show the interest he took in her conversion. This woman, who occupied a distinguished rank in the city, had found peace for her soul in faith in Christ; she had believed in the promises of the Word which Calvin had explained; she had felt keenly the nothingness of Roman pomps and superstitions; the grace of God was sufficient for her; and caring little for outward adorning, she strove after that which is not corruptible, the ornament of the women who trusted in God. (Vol 2: p250)


CALVIN SENT FORTH SOME THIRTY OR FORTY MISSIONARIES EACH YEAR FROM GENEVA:

That man whose hand was one day boldly to raise the standard of the Gospel in the world, whose teaching was to enlighten many nations, and whose eloquence was to stir all France; that man who was yearly to send forth from Geneva some thirty or forty missionaries, and whose letters strengthened all the Churches; that man, still young, pursued by the lieutenant-criminal and his sergeants, had been forced to steal out of his chamber into the street and disguise himself in strange garments. Vol 3: p28)

CALVIN TEACHING TWO BRETHREN GREEK FROM THE NEW TESTAMENT LEADS THEM TO CHRIST:

About this time their circle was increased: John Du Tillet, afterwards bishop of Meaux, arrived at Angouleme. He too became attached with his whole heart to Calvin: the latter, wishing to make himself useful to the two brothers, offered to teach them Greek, and while teaching them to read the New Testament, he led them to seek Christ. (Vol 3: p35)

CALVIN SUPPLIED EVANGELISTIC SERMONS TO BE READ OUT IN THE PARISH CHURCHES IN THE VILLAGES:

Calvin’s sphere widened gradually: he wrote to those to whom he could not speak; and ere long his friends asked why they should keep for themselves alone the bread of life on which they fed?… One of them giving utterance to this thought to the young doctor, added: ‘But you can only reach the people in the churches.’ It was scarcely possible that Calvin, a fugitive from Paris, could visit the churches of the Angoumois as an evangelical missionary. ‘Compose some short Christian exhortations for us,’ said his friends to him, ‘and we will give them to well-disposed parish priests to read to their congregations.’ He did so, and humble clerks read these evangelical appeals from their pulpits, as well as they could. Thus Calvin preached through the mouths of priests to poor villagers, as he had addressed the imposing Sorbonne by the mouth of the rector. (Vol 3: p38)

CALVIN - A LIFE LONG EVANGELIST:

Calvin, by labouring thirty years for Geneva and France, laboured for the whole Christian world, He made the first experiment at Poitiers, and (if we may use the word) began that glorious evangelising campaign, which he was to direct until the close of his life. Not content with evangelising the city, the young and zealous doctor visited the castles, abbeys, and villages of the neighbourhood. (Vol 3: p71)

CALVIN PREACHES THE GOSPEL TO THE ROMAN CATHOLIC MONKS IN THE ABBEY:

The abbot announced to his monks that a Picard, brought up in the university of Paris and the holder of a benefice at Noyon, would preach in the abbey-church. Accordingly Calvin went into the pulpit and declared that whosoever had a firm and lively faith in the grace of Christ was saved. Some of his hearers were startled at a doctrine which made the Romish priesthood of no use. ‘What a perverse doctrine!’ they said; ‘why does the abbot allow this Picard to preach it in his church?’ (Vol 3:72)

BURDENED FOR HIS NATIVE FRANCE, CALVIN SENDS OUT MISSIONARIES IN THE NAME OF THE LORD:

When Calvin saw this movement of life going on around him, he thought of France. Would she remain behind Germany and Switzerland? No. France will awakE. She is already waking; ere long she will receive the Gospel in its holy purity, and will increase in morality, in light, and in liberty: such were his hopes. But for their realisation, men were needed who, being regenerate themselves, should be fellow-workers with God in this new creation. Calvin asked himself whether some of the converts of Poitiers were not called to this work? One day being at the usual meeting, he said: ‘Is there any one here willing to go and give light to those whom the Pope has blinded?’ Jean Vernou, Philip Veron, and Albert Babinot stood forward. Calvin had not forgotten the Angoumois where he possessed beloved friends; thither and into the adjacent provinces he will first send his missionaries and commence the evangelisation of France: ‘You, Babinot, will go into Guyenne and Languedoc,’ he said; ‘Philip Veron, you will go into Saintonge and Angoumois; and you, Jean Vernou, will stay at Poitiers and the neighbourhood.’ Calvin and the other brethren did not think that these missionaries required regular theological studies; had they not received the necessary gifts from God, ‘neither more nor less than if He had given them with His own hand?’ But they had need to be recommended to the almighty grace of God. They therefore prayed together, and Calvin Called upon the Lord to accept the services of these pious men. He told them to go and proclaim the Gospel, not in the name of any man, but in the name of the Lord, and because God commanded it. A collection provided for the expenses of this mission, and the evangelists departed. (Vol 3:72-73)

[Historical note: Calvin’s three missionaries, Babinot, Veron, and Vernou, were soon famous throughout the west of France, and the wrath of the clergy of all ranks, and even of laymen of note, knew no bounds...When Calvin was subsequently settled at Geneva, Babinot, Veron, and Vernou paid him a visit. They were delighted to find the Christian professor surrounded with respect, and were never tired of listening to him from whose lips they had heard at Poitiers the first words of life. They did not, however, stay with him. Babinot and Veron returned to the west of France to continue to propagate the Gospel there, which they did until their death. As for Vernou, he was seized while crossing the mountains of Savoy, and was burnt alive at Chambery, confessing Jesus Christ his Saviour. (Vol 3:76-77)]

LIKE ANDREW OF OLD, CALVIN FIRST WON HIS OWN FAMILY TO CHRIST:

He had found in his father’s house two brothers and a sister, Anthony, Charles, and Mary: these were the first persons he invited to Christ, in affectionate and pious conversations. He then turned to some members of the episcopal clergy and other inhabitants of Noyon. He put his hand (to use his own expression) on those who were running elsewhere, ‘to stop them short.’ Anthony and Mary were the first to answer to him. Charles resisted longer; he received however at that time a seed in his heart which germinated afterwards. (Vol 3:79)

EVEN IN THE SAD INCIDENT CONCERNING SERVETUS, CALVIN HAD FIRST CHERISHED THE DESIRE THAT HE MIGHT WIN HIM TO CHRIST:

Calvin resolved to accept Servetus’s invitation. These two young men, born in the same year, gifted each of them with marvelous genius, unshakeable in their convictions, are about to enter the lists. What blows they will deal each other! What a struggle! Which will come off conqueror? If Luther, Zwingle, and Bucer are so animated, what will Calvin be? He was the one who showed the most moderate sentiments with regard to Servetus. Alas! why did he not continue so to the last? ‘ I will do all in my power to cure Servetus,’ he said. ‘If I show myself in public, I know that I expose my life; but I will spare no pains to bring him to such sentiments, that all pious men may be able to take him affectionately by the hand.’ (Vol 3:95)

CALVIN ASSISTED IN TRANSLATING THE BIBLE:

In his retirement on the Wartburg, Luther had translated the New Testament. Calvin engaged in a similar task at Basle. On March 27th, 1534, a translation was published by Pierre de Wingle at Neuchatel: it was a small folio, printed in double columns, and was from the pen of Lefevre of Etaples, but had undergone a revision with regard to certain expressions which still retained a Romish colouring. It would appear that this edition was suppressed, either because it had been made without resorting to the original texts, or because Wingle himself was dissatisfied with it. He was soon to publish a more perfect version, in which Calvin assisted while at Basle. (Vol 3: p154-155)

Pierre Robert of Noyon, called Olivetan, had finished the work the Church had entrusted to him. On the 4th of June, 1535, appeared the first French Bible of the Reformation. ‘Possessing a keen and penetrating mind,’ said one of its readers who was thoroughly capable of appreciating the work, ‘the translator is not deficient in learning; he has spared neither labour, research, nor care, and has ably discharged the duties of a translator of the Bible.’ ‘I have done the best I could,’ said the translator himself, on presenting the book to his brethren; ‘I have laboured and searched as deeply as I possibly could into the living mine of pure truth; but I do not pretend to have entirely exhausted it.’… It has been calculated that the new translator had corrected the biblical text of the Sorbonne doctor in twenty-three thousand five hundred places, and in more than sixty thousand, if account be taken of all the minutiae of style. Calvin’s share has reference particularly to the later editions of this Bible. (Vol 5: p232)

CALVIN LED SOME HIGH RANKING WOMEN TO CHRIST BY HIS WISE AND FAITHFUL CONVERSATIONS WITH THEM:

It was not the men of learning, however, whom the young theologian had come to see: it was the duchess herself. That princess, who had already received in France a few rays of evangelical light, did not yet possess a sufficient knowledge of Christian truth: she felt this, and was determined to seek above all things peace with God. She therefore had frequent interviews with Calvin. Holy Scripture was the subject of their conversation; the reformer explained to Renee one passage by another, and the light of heaven beaming from all these passages of Holy Writ, carried brightness and warmth into the princess’s heart. The young doctor spoke with simplicity and modesty, but at the same time with affection and decision. ‘If I address you, madam,’ he said, ‘it is not from rashness or presumption, but pure and true affection to make you prevail in the Lord. When I consider the pre-eminence in which He has placed you, I think that, as a person of princely rank, you can advance the kingdom of Jesus Christ.’ But even this consideration was not necessary to arouse the zeal of the evangelist of Noyon. The princess’s noble character and her love for the Gospel touched him deeply. ‘I observe in you,’ he added, ‘such fear of God, and such a real desire to obey Him, that I should consider myself a castaway if I neglected the opportunity of being useful to you.’ Calvin was the most profound and most earnest commentator of Holy Scripture; and Renee embraced with her whole heart the truths that he proclaimed, so that the reformer was able to say to her some time later: ‘It has pleased God, madam, to enlighten you with the truth of His holy Gospel. Let us now confess that if God has withdrawn us from the depths of darkness, it is in order that we should follow the light straightforwardly, turning neither to this side nor to that.’ The duchess profited by this advice. (Vol 5: p.342)

Soon after his arrival at the court of Ferrara, Calvin had remarked a lady of great intelligence and learning, who was one of its principal ornaments. This as Anne de Parthenay, first lady of honour to the duchess, and wife of Antoine de Pons, count of Marennes, first gentleman to the duke. The countess of Marennes was a great musician, and often sang in the duchess’s apartments, where she was admired for the beauty of her voice. But Anne busied herself with more serious labours. Not satisfied with studying the Latin authors, she had a taste for Greek, and ‘intrepidly’ translated the poets and prose writers. That eminent woman did more: she read books of divinity, and even took a particular pleasure in ‘discussing almost every day with the theologians the matters of which they treated.’ She therefore talked with Calvin on these subjects, and before long the pure and living faith of the reformer gave a new direction to her soul. Hitherto she had been somewhat of a ‘blue-stocking,’ but now she ‘ceased to have any confidence in herself,’ and sought in the holy books and in her Savior the means of quenching the thirst for knowledge and the divine life which tormented her. From that hour she became a new creature and a ‘good Huguenot.’ She even won over her husband to the convictions that were dear to herself, and, so long as the countess lived, the latter showed himself a great lover of virtue and of truth. (Vol 5: p.345)

CALVIN'S ZEALOUS EFFORTS TO TURN A ROMAN CATHOLIC PRIEST TO THE TRUE PATH:

It was not only among his compatriots at Ferrara that Calvin was a fisher of men. The traditions of certain families of the peninsula place several eminent Italians there. Calvin had been a faithful and active workman in his Master’s vineyard, yet he did not always meet with friendly and docile hearers, even in Ferrara. Among the persons forming the duchess’s court, he had noticed a cringing person with insinuating manners, whose look and expression displeased him greatly. That man, by name Master Francois, chaplain to Renee was one of those double-hearted people who wish to satisfy God and their own cupidity. Calvin had heard that the life of that priest was far from saintly. Calvin tried, therefore, to convince Francois that the celebration of what he called ‘the sacrifice at the altar’ was contrary to Holy Scripture. Whenever the chaplain went astray the reformer admonished him. ‘I have often tried to bring him into the true path,’ he said. The priest would then appear sorrowful, and ashamed of his weakness, and Calvin, pressing him still more closely, would succeed in ‘making him confess his iniquity.’ But human respect still prevailed in Francois, and if any one about the court happened to be present at his conversations with the reformer, he would make excuses for himself before them. (Vol 5: p349-350)

CALVIN'S DEBATES WITH ROMAN CATHOLIC THEOLOGIANS LEAD TO A ROMAN CATHOLIC MONK GETTING SAVED:

A monk of the order of Cordeliers, the Franciscan Jean Tandy, who had been present at the disputation from its opening, listened with eager interest to Calvin’s speech, and felt that its truth reached him. His heart was affected, his understanding was satisfied. He embraced by faith the sacrifice of the Saviour; and, according to the expression of the Evangelist, he ate of his flesh and drank his blood. For a while he sat silent, awaiting the objections which might be offered. But when he saw that those who had taken part in discussion till that hour had their lips closed, he took courage, rose and said, the assembly listening to him attentively — ‘Holy Scripture teaches that there is no remission for the sin against the Holy Ghost. Now this sin is that of men who, through unbelief, willing to contend against the clearest truth, choose rather to exalt themselves against God and his Word than to humble themselves and obey him. As I desire now not to resist the truth, but to receive it and confess it openly, I acknowledge before you all that I have long been mistaken. While I thought that I was living in a state of perfection, as they had given me to understand, I have been, on the contrary, only the servant of men, submitting myself to their traditions and commandments. Nothing is good but that which God commands. I have heard the truth. I see that I must hold fast to Jesus alone, must stand to his Word, and must have no other head, leader, or Saviour, but him who by his sacrifice has made us acceptable to the Father. I will henceforth live and die according to his Gospel. I ask forgiveness of God for all that I have done and said against his honour. I ask pardon of you and of all the people, so far as by my preaching or by my life I taught you amiss, or have given you a bad example. And since, by following the rule of the Cordeliers and assuming this garb of dissimulation, I have been led out of the right way; at this moment in which I renounce all superstition, I abandon also this garb full of all hypocrisy and trumpery.’ As he uttered these words, Jean Tandy cast off his monastic dress, and then added — ‘Let no one be offended, but let each examine himself and confess that if the state in which he has lived be contrary to the will of God, he ought not to persevere in it, nor to re-enter after quitting it. I will live as a Christian, and not as a Cordelier; according to the Gospel of Jesus, and not according to the rule of the monks; in true and living faith in Christ, and united with all true Christians. To this God calls us all, to the intent that, instead of being divided into so many rules, we may be all one in Jesus Christ.’ This frank, noble, and affecting conversion gave great joy to those who loved the Gospel, and Farel, as their spokesman, said, ‘How great God is! how good and how wise! How he smites and heals, how he casts down to hell and brings up again to heaven, we see with our own eyes. What superstition is there equal to that of the Cordeliers, in which the enemy has with so much skill coloured his work that, even the elect are deceived! Let us rejoice, therefore, that the poor sheep which was straying on the mountains and in the deserts, in the midst of wolves and wild beasts, now, by the grace of the Lord, abandoning the barren deserts, the vexatious thorns of human traditions, is entering into his fold, and finds now his pasture in God’s holy Word.’ (Vol 6: p.213-214)

CALVIN PREACHED EVERY DAY FOR MOST OF THE YEAR AND OFTEN TWICE A DAY, SOMETIMES TO CATHOLIC PRIESTS, EXPOUNDING THE SCRIPTURES:

It is indispensable, however, to give in this place some account of Calvin’s preaching. He was, with Luther, the most important actor at the epoch of the Reformation; and there is no character in history more misunderstood than he is. It is a duty to come to the aid of one who is assailed—were it even the weakest that offers his aid to the strongest. Besides, it is no task of special pleading that we undertake. We shall confine ourselves to laying before the reader the documentary evidence in the trial. Two or three thousand of Calvin’s sermons are extant, he could not spend weeks on the composition of a homily. During great part of the year he preached every day, sometimes twice a day. He did not write his sermons, but delivered them extempore. A shorthand writer took down his discourses during their delivery. These sermons opened the treasures of the Scriptures, and spread them abroad amongst men; and they were full of useful applications. Calvin usually selected some book of the Bible, and preached a series of sermons on the divine words contained in it. These were published in large infolios. One volume appeared which contained a hundred and fifty-nine sermons on Job; another which consisted of two hundred sermons on Deuteronomy; in a third were given a hundred on the Epistles to Timothy and Titus. There are volumes of sermons on the Epistles to the Ephesians, the Corinthians, the Galatians, etc…Calvin used to preach in the cathedral church of St. Peter, which was more particularly adapted for preaching. A great multitude thronged the place to hear him. Among his hearers he had the old Genevese, but also a continually increasing number of evangelical Christians, who took refuge at Geneva on account of persecution, and who belonged, for the most part, to the most highly cultivated of their nation. Among them were also some Catholic priests and laymen, who had come to Geneva with the intention of professing there the reformed doctrines, and to these men it was very necessary to teach the doctrine of salvation. (Vol 7: p.90)

CALVIN RECOGNISED THAT MANY WERE INTERESTED IN THE GOSPEL JUST TO ESCAPE FROM ROME - HE SUCCESSFULLY ENLIGHTEN MANY TO THE TRUTHS OF A GREATER LIBERTY AGAIN i.e. FROM SIN:

But at the time when Calvin appeared in the city of the first Huguenots, morality was far from being irreproachable; religion, scarcely disengaged from the forms and errors of Rome, was with the majority neither personal nor evangelical, deep-seated, pure, vital, or active; and civilization itself was hardly at a higher level there than it had reached in other countries. The heroes of independence had need themselves of being enlightened by the light of the Gospel, and of being transformed by its fire. Their first education was defective, and it was necessary to begin it again. Their intercourse with all that surrounded them exerted an influence over them which needed to be counterbalanced. The great advantage of the Reformation having been, in their view, their deliverance from the pretensions of priests and of princes, it was needful that they should learn to recognize in the Gospel the tidings of a higher order, of a spiritual enfranchisement, which would deliver them from sin and would give them the liberty of the children of God. They had availed themselves of the reformation as a political instrument; they must now learn to have recourse to it as a religious, moral, and divine instrument, capable of making them citizens of another and more glorious city. Many did this. (Vol 7:101-102)

 
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Thursday, 20 February 2014

Lordship of Christ

A FEW THOUGHTS ON WHAT IS COMMONLY CALLED "LORDSHIP SALVATION" 

Just as it says on the tin. A few thoughts put down here on a blog in no particular order as opposed to a polished essay.

* Jesus is both Lord and Christ (Acts 2:36) at one and the same time. It is not in any one's interest to divide asunder what God has joined together.

OBJECTION! Scripture sometimes uses only His earthly name of Jesus in relation to forgiveness of sins, while on other occasions refers to Him as Christ in the same regard (1 Corinthains 15:3) and then again as the Lord (Romans 10:13).

REPLY: This may be so. Scripture does likewise with faith and repentance, sometimes mentioning faith without any mention of repentance (Acts 16:30-31/John 3:15-18) and then repentance without a mention of faith (Luke 13:3-5) while sometimes  joining them together (Mark 1:15/Matthew 21:31-32/Acts 20:21). Scripture does likewise with the Triune members of the One Godhead. Sometimes the Father is mentioned without the Son or the Spirit (Ephesians 3:14) while both Father and Son are mentioned together to the exclusion  of the Spirit (Ephesians 6:23) while all Three are mentioned together (Ephesians 2:18) 

The Bible in its fuller declarations sets forth salvation in the Lord Jesus Christ - where (if you are going tio nit pick, Jesus as Saviour is not mentioned) Indeed, we are distinctly told that we are to confess the Lord Jesus Christ in order to be saved, or (to give William Tyndale's translation) that "Jesus is the Lord" (Romans 10:9-13). We are expected to take the Bible as a whole. In the similar scenarios above, where one is not actually mentioned, it need not necessarily exclude the other. Certainly, it would be very foolish to build a monumental doctrine on it and also start accusing some great heroes of the faith as preaching another gospel (Galatians 1:8-9) on the basis of it. We do not receive a half Christ in order to be saved. This rampant cherrypicking reminds us of the words of the rich young ruler (Matthew 19:16-26) who was told to keep the Commandments in order to have eternal life. Of course, salvation is and always was by faith without the deeds of the law (Romans 3:28) but (as we know) our Lord was teaching him to abandon his somewhat superficial view of his own goodness because of his somewhat superficial view of the Commandments. The amazing thing (other than his claim that he had kept them all from his youth up) was his response to the command of the Saviour to actually keep the commandments. He asked "Which?" You mean there was a choice? An ála carte menu that caters for those who don't like red meat and prefer chicken or fish or a vegetarian substitute?

* No one is looking for nor expecting the fruits of salvation to appear before the soul is ingrafted into Christ. However, the anxious soul needs to be willing to turn away from sin in order to turn to Christ. Even as Saviour, Jesus would save us from our sins (Matthew 1:21). Not only from their their guilt, but also their power. The awakened soul will have been convicted by the Holy Ghost and will want to change his life. He cannot do it in his own strength any more than the Ethiopian can change the colour of his skin or the leopard change the pattern on his skin (Jeremiah 13:23) But if he is not willing to forgo his sin - implicated in the receiving of Jesus as Lord and Saviour - and to live a life of holiness as enabled by the daily grace of God, then he has a wrong and skewed idea of the gospel. It would him no favours to lead him into some kind of profession.

* No one expects the sinner to reform themselves before coming to Christ. It is certainly not a matter of telling a concerned drunkard  that if he keeps himself sober - and gives up lying too and whatever else - for six clear calendar months, then John 3:16 is for him. Not at all. John 3:16 is for him now. There is nothing in John 3:16 that compromises the gospel call to repentance. It is implicit because it offers an alternative to perishing and Jesus offered deliverance from perishing  in Luke 13:3-5 on the condition ("Except") of repentance. In Luke 13, it was taught in the form of a threat or warning, but the fundamental truth is the same. 

* Repentance is not a meritorious work. It is given as a free gift to sinners like faith. (Acts 11:18/Romans 2:4 cp. Acts 18:27/Philippians 1:29) Even giving your life for a lifetime of unbelievable hardship on the mission field or at the martyrs stake for the gospel sake is not meritorious. Nothing that we can do ever merits anything from God. We will never have anything whereof to glory before God (Romans 4:2). Repentance is first and foremost an attitude - a serious change of mind - that leads to determinate action. (See next point)


* Repentance means "a change of mind" and  always leads to action. In itsself, strictly speaking, it does not automatically mean to "turn from sin" although it does in the evangelical sense when the sinner is exhorted to repent in the gospel. God Himself sometimes repented (e.g. Genesis 6:6) and His repentance always led to a change of course, although (obviously) there was nothing sinful to be turned from. When Paul preached the gospel in Thessalonica, he preached both i.e.  "testifying both to the Jews, and also to the Greeks, repentance toward God, and faith toward our Lord Jesus Christ." (Acts 20:21)  When the Thessalonians repented, then they turn to God and in the act of doing so, turned from  their idols. The one supposes the other. Anything less would not have been a true evangelical repentance and would have worked death instead of being repentance unto life (Acts 11:18) We note with sadness that when Paul  reasoned of righteousness, temperance, and judgment to come, that while Felix trembled, he did not turn and we never hear of his salvation. We can only hope that the sovereign and merciful purposes of God ensured that the convenient season was renewed again. 
* Repentance may be illustrated, if not defined, by verses like Isaiah 55:7 where the unregenerate wicked is exhorted to forsake his way, and the unrighteous man his thoughts: and let him return unto the LORD, and he will have mercy upon him; and to our God, for he will abundantly pardon. Note the  change of mind ("his thoughts") and his change of way - forsaking - because the proof of the one is the other. Another similar verse is Proverbs 28:13 where the observation is worded thus: He that covereth his sins shall not prosper: but whoso confesseth and forsaketh them shall have mercy. 
   

* Evangelists are not called upon the measure the depths of someone's repentance. No measurements given in this regard in the Bible. Only God can look into the heart and see. However, it may be induced that while the preacher cannot weigh the spirits, yet someone who (say) was very lighthearted and giggled or examined their fingernails in an enquiry room could hardly claim to be serious about this matter.

* Fruit of preaching salvation without repentance is seen in empty and shallow confessions. It has been astutely suggested that one reason why many professing young folk leave the church when they get to adult age is because they were never saved in the first place. No one doubts that real and genuine Christians can backslide - God's people are often bent towards backsliding from Him (Hosea 11:7) - but many of these professions appear to be have been incredibly empty. The parable of the sower warns of those whose work was not Spirit wrought or deep. 

* Repentance is a life long activity. We are justified by faith - not by repentance, but part of our sanctification process (a life long activity) includes the examining of our heart before God, naming sins and crying out for deliverance on a daily basis from them. We are called upon to be introspective (2 Corinthians 13:5/Romans 7:23-24) yet not excessively so - always looking unto Jesus (Heb 12:2) and rejoicing in the victory that is found in Him alone (Romans 7:25).